Happy New Year

A happy new year of the Rat, and only the healthy ones for your Cat

 

Jinan University Training: Striving to become Experts in Overseas united-front work

The following is a translation of the first three paragraphs of a release by the China Council for the Promotion of Peaceful National Reunification secretariat in Beijing, summarizing a training class at Jinan University early this month. Links within blockquotes were added during translation — JR.

Main Link: Training class for China Council for the Promotion of Peaceful National Reunification secretariat cadres, student associations’ secretaries from all provinces, regions, and directly-administered municipalities and Huangpu Military Academy Association held at Jinan University (中国和平统一促进会秘书处干部和各省区市黄埔军校同学会秘书长涉侨业务培训班在暨南大学举办)

From December 1 to 6, cadres from the China Council for the Promotion of Peaceful National Reunification secretariat, student association secretaries from all provinces, areas and directly administered municipalities, and from Huangpu Military Academy Association, held a training class at Jinan University in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, concerning Overseas Chinese services. 57 fellow students from all the nation’s provinces, autonomous regions, directly administered municipalities, Huangpu Military Academy’s student’s association and from this organization¹⁾ took part in the training. Jinan University president Song Xianzhong, vice president Zhang Hong, Jinan University International Relations Institute director Zhang Zhenjiang, party secretary Chen Bin and others individually attended the training session concerning Overseas Chinese services and the closing ceremony²⁾.

12月1日至6日，中国和平统一促进会秘书处干部和各省区市黄埔军校同学会秘书长涉侨业务培训班在广东省广州市暨南大学举办。来自全国各省、自治区、直辖市中国和平统一促进会、黄埔军校同学会及我会机关的57人参加培训。暨南大学校长宋献中、副校长张宏，暨南大学国际关系学院院长张振江、党委书记陈斌等分别出席涉侨业务培训班开班和结业式。中国和平统一促进会副秘书长宋为、韩晓光分别主持开班式和结业式。

China Council for the Promotion of Peaceful National Reunification vice executive secretary Sun Lingyan gave the opening mobilization speech. He pointed out that the goal of the training was to thoroughly study and implement the spirit of secretary general Xi Jinping’s important exposition about Overseas Chinese services, and the 19th party central commission’s fourth plenary session³⁾, to comprehensively grasp the theory guidelines’ and policies’ principal methods, and to improve the working abilities and standards of Overseas Chinese services. He emphasized that the China Council for the Promotion of Peaceful National Reunification, as a social group under the party’s leadership, dealt with anti-“independence” and pro-unification work and social-group work on Taiwan, and with broadly uniting compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. We must understand the new characteristics and changes of the work concerning the new era’s Overseas Chinese services, skillfully grasp the central committee’s theory guidelines and policies concerning Overseas Chinese services, and strengthen the abilities in ideological and political leadership. By learning and training, we must skillfully grasp the use of political theory, strengthen the scheming abilities, and improve problem-solving abilities. We must transform the enthusiasm coming from the remembering-where-we-started and keeping-the-mission-in-mind education into the practical action of doing one’s duties conscientiously, and strive to become experts in overseas united-front work.

中国和平统一促进会执行副秘书长孙凌雁做开班动员讲话。他指出，培训的目的是深入学习贯彻习近平总书记关于侨务工作的重要论述和党的十九届四中全会精神，全面把握侨务工作的理论方针政策和原则方法，提高涉侨工作能力和水平。他强调，中国和平统一促进会作为党领导下从事海外反“独”促统工作和对台工作的社会团体，广泛团结港澳台同胞和海外侨胞，推进祖国和平统一进程使我们的职责和使命，必须了解新时代侨务工作的新特点和新变化，必须熟练掌握中央关于侨务工作的的方针政策，增强做好思想政治引领的本领。要通过学习培训，熟练掌握运用政策理论的能力、增强谋划工作的能力和提高解决问题的能力，把“不忘初心、牢记使命”主题教育焕发出的政治热情转化为履职尽责的实际行动，努力成为海外统战工作的行家里手。

In the course of the training, everyone conscientiously listened to Guangdong provincial party committee United Front Department first-class floorwalker Lin Lin, Jinan University International Relations Institute director Zhang Zhenjiang, deputy institute director Chen Yiping, researcher Zhang Xiaoxin, and Professor Peng Weibu from Jinan University’s School of Journalism and Communication teaching China’s policies and work on Overseas Chinese services. [They were also taught about] China’s public diplomacy among Overseas Chinese under the new situation, and new insights about Overseas Chinese public sentiment, Chinese overseas propaganda work and the situation of Overseas Chinese people. [The participants] visited the [Guangdong] Overseas Chinese Museum, the 1911 Revolution Memorial Museum, the former Whampoa Military Academy Site, exchanged learnings and experiences, talked freely about their experiences, and made suggestions.

培训期间，大家认真听取了广东省委统战部一级巡视员林琳，暨南大学国际关系学院张振江院长、陈奕平副院长、张小欣研究员，新闻与传播学院彭伟步教授为大家讲授的我国侨务政策与海外侨务工作、新形势下中国侨务公共外交、海外涉侨舆情与中国外宣工作及海外侨情的新变化和新认识，参观了华侨博物馆、辛亥革命博物馆和黄埔军校旧址，并结合学习体会进行了座谈交流，畅谈了体会，提出了建议。

[…]

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Notes

¹⁾ This probably refers to the China Council for the Promotion of Peaceful National Reunification’s central / national office.
²⁾ As the training class reportedly went on for five days, “individually” probably means that the mentioned participants didn’t attend every hour of the sessions.
³⁾ This seems to refer to a decision taken on the current central committee’s fourth plenary session – published there by the Hunan Institute of Socialism.

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Presidential Elections 2nd Debate

A video showing yesterday’s (December 25, 2019) second round of the presidential elections debate between President Tsai Ing-wen (DPP), the KMT’s nominee and Kaohsiung Mayor Han Kuo-yu, and James Soong Chu-yu (PFP). (The design doesn’t seem to suggest that the rebroadcaster would be entirely above party lines. Indeed, according to Wikipedia, Sanlih Entertainment Television (SET) “leans heavily to the Pan-Green Coalition.”)

There’s also a transcript on Facebook. – a great chance for us learners of the Chinese language to read along.

No warranty for the completeness and accuracy of either source.

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Update

A third debate is scheduled for December 27 at 7 p.m. Taiwan standard time (that should be 11 a.m. UTC), to be broadcast by Taiwan Television (TTV).

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Related / more Updates

“Real debate” on Dec 29, Taiwan News, Dec 27, 2019

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Learning Chinese with the CCP: Hantui (汉推)

Links within blockquotes added during translation.
–

Quote

Looking back at the past year, our institute has made whole-hearted efforts, has broken new ground for new conditions, and has achieved new successes. Summarizing the past and looking at the future, our institute will, based on the current solid foundations, continue its efforts, to contribute its own strengths to the cause of the motherland’s promotion of the Chinese language.

回顾过去的⼀年，我院竭诚努力，在汉语教学和文化推广方面开拓了新局面，取得了新成果。总结过去，放眼未来，我院将在当前坚实的基础上，继续努力，为祖国的汉推事业贡献自己的⼀份力量。

Mrs Wang Xi (王冏), head of the Confucius Institute in Sibiu, Romania,
as quoted by Radio Romania International (ROI), Dec 20, 2019
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Hantui

Hantui is the abbreviation for the International Han (Chinese) language^*) promotion.

汉推是汉语国际推广的简称。

With the arrival of the “Chinese language fever”, all countries in the world were in need of a sharp increase in Chinese language teachers. To cope with the situation, the international Chinese Language Promotion , as a field of study,  appeared within China. Different to the training of Chinese teachers [for foreign students], the targets of this field of studies were Chinese language learners abroad, with Chinese language training  crossing the national threshold to carry out Chinese-language education.

随着“汉语热”的到来，世界各国需要汉语教师的数量猛增，针对这种情况国内出现了汉语国际推广这个专业。与以往对外汉语教师培养不同的是，这个专业的培养对象是面向国外汉语学习者的，是走出国门进行汉语教学的。

Currently, there are about a dozen universities and colleges which have opened related fields of studies, with Beijing Normal University being rather distinctive among them. As the Beijing base for the international promotion of the Chinese language, Beijing Normal University opened the Chinese Language Promotion’s master degree class (abbreviated: hantui ban), using new educational methods to comprehensively train the students’ abitities to satisfy overseas students’ curiosity about Chinese language and culture. Beijing Normal University’s methodology has been positively evaluated by many, receiving the American College Board‘s, the Hanban’s, and other units’ positive evaluation. This field of studies has also become popular. According to people in charge of it, 800 out of Beijing Normal University’s graduate [or post-graduate] students have entered themselves for this field’s examinations in a very intense competition.

目前，国内有十几所高校在汉办的协助下开设了相关专业，其中北京师范大学是比较有特色的。作为汉语国际推广的北京基地，2006年北京师范大学成立了汉语国际推广硕士班（简称汉推班），采用了新的培养模式，全方位培养学生的能力，以满足海外学生对中国语言和文化的好奇。目前北师大模式已经获得了广泛的好评，得到了美国大学理事会（college board)，汉办等单位的好评。这个专业也成为热门。据相关负责人介绍，今年北京师范大学的研究生考试中，有800人报考这个专业，竞争十分激烈。

Among the students enrolling at the about a dozen universities and colleges nationwide in 2006, there are currently more than 300 [post] graduate students reading again. The pattern is that the first year is for specialized knowledge training in China, the second is for internships abroad, and the third year is for completing the graduation thesis back in China. If staying abroad during the third year, students in internships can apply for an extension, or complete their graduation thesis abroad.

2006年在全国十几所高校同时招生，目前有300多人再读研究生。其培养模式是，第一年在国内进行专业知识的培训，第二年出国实习，第三年回国完成毕业论文。如果第三年仍然在国外实习的同学可以申请延期或者在海外完成论文。

Baike Baidu, accessed Dec 20, 2019

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Tea culture propaganda base

Chinese International Language Promotion’s Tea Culture propagation base (International Tea Culture Base) is one of the Chinese Hanban’s 31 Chinese International Language Promotion’s bases, officially approved and established in December 2014. The base opened at Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University and is currently the only Chinese International Language Promotion base with the specialty of tea culture.

“汉语国际推广茶文化传播基地”（International Tea Culture Base）是国家汉办在全国建立的第31家汉语国际推广基地，于2014年12月正式批准成立。基地设立在浙江农林大学，是全国目前唯一以茶文化为特色的汉语国际传播基地。

The base centers on Chinese culture going global and the “belt and road” national strategy, integrates Confucius Institute development plans, makes ample use of Zhejiang Province’s time-honored tea culture, integrates all the province’s resources, strengthens top-level planning, actively explores contacts with Chinese and global tea culture, benefits from the universality of human health and other issues, establishes a tea quality system and a tea culture experience center as well as a tea culture experience center, builds a high-level international tea culture teaching team, […]

加强顶层设计，积极探索中国与世界在茶文化交往、益于人类健康等方面的共通性，建立茶质量标准体系，建设茶文化体验中心；组建高水平的茶文化国际教学团队，[…..]

Zhejiang A&F University, June 4, 2018

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Teachers’ grassroot branch discusses 19th central committee’s 4th plenary session’s spirit

So as to learn the solid promotion of “never forgetting where we started from, holding on to the mission”, the grassroot branch of the Southern base for the international promotion of the Chinese language held a thorough study of the implementation of the Party’s 19th fourth central committee’s plenary session‘s spirit, at Xiamen University’s Xiang’an Campus library B908, as a theme party day activity.

为推进“不忘初心、牢记使命”主题教育专题学习，11月20日上午汉语国际推广南方基地教师支部在厦大翔安校区图书馆B908召开深入学习贯彻党的十九届四中全会精神专题主题党日活动。

Happening to coincide with the 70th anniversary of the founding of the new China, the fourth plenary session of the 19th central committee is a highlight in the party’s and country’s undertaking’s overall situation and strategy. Based on the current and long-term perspective, from persevering with the party’s leadership, the people being the masters in their own affairs, rule according to the law being brought forward by organic unity, from reform and development stability, domestic policy, diplomacy and national defense, the unfolding of governing the party, the country and the army, the Jianling Buildings succinctly show to the inside and outside world the outstanding superiority of socialism with Chinese characteristics. The comrades at the grassroot branch conscientiously studied the central committee’s  “resolution concerning the upholding and perfecting of the socialism with Chinese characteristics system and the promotion of the national governing system’s and governing ability’s modernization” and other learning material and combined their efforts in collective exchanges of views.

适逢新中国成立70周年，十九届四中全会站在党和国家事业的全局和战略高度，立足当前、着眼长远，从坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一切入，从改革发展稳定、内政外交国防、治党治国治军等方面展开，高屋建瓴、提纲挈领地对内展示、向外昭示了中国特色社会主义制度和国家治理体系的显著优势。支部党员同志们认真研读了《中共中央关于坚持和完善中国特色社会主义制度、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化若干重大问题的决定》等学习材料，并结合自身领悟进行集体深入交流讨论。
[…]

The Southern Base of Confucius Headquarters, Xiamen University, Dec 5, 2019

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Note

^*) When a language is said to be “Chinese”, this usually refers to the Han nationality’s language, not to other languages spoken within the PRC.

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Related

向全世界讲好中国茶的故事 (tea propaganda), Zhejiang A&F University, Dec 20, 2019

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One Territory, two Statements

Apolitical, too? Erdogan in talks hosted by Xi Jinping, July 2019 (CCTV coverage)

Erdogan said that connected by the ancient Silk Road, Turkish-Chinese friendship had a long history and was now strengthened further. Close Turkish-Chinese relations were significant for regional peace and prosperity. Turkey made efforts for the development of relations with China, and for deepening cooperation. Turkey staunchly persued the one-China policy, the happiness of all Xinjiang nationalities in China’s development was also a fact, and Turkey would never allow anyone to incite disharmony in Turkish-Chinese relations. Turkey resolutely opposed extremism, wanted to enhance mutual trust and strengthen security cooperation. Potential for Turkish-Chinese cooperation was huge, Turkey resolutely upheld the construction of “one belt, one road”, and hoped that the two sides would strengthen cooperation on trade, investment, financial, energy, car building, infrastructure, 5G mobile communication, smart cities, etc., and enhance exchanges in the fields of education, culture, research, etc..

埃尔多安表示，通过千年古丝绸之路连接起来的土中友好源远流长，今天得到进一步加强。密切的土中关系对地区和平繁荣有重要意义。土耳其致力于发展对华关系，深化对华合作。土方坚定奉行一个中国政策，中国新疆地区各民族居民在中国发展繁荣中幸福地生活是个事实，土方不允许任何人挑拨土中关系。土耳其坚定反对极端主义，愿同中方增进政治互信，加强安全合作。土中合作潜力巨大，土方坚定支持“一带一路”建设，希望双方在“一带一路”框架内加强贸易、投资、金融、能源、汽车制造、基础设施、第五代移动通信、智慧城市等领域合作，增进在教育、文化、科研等领域交流。

President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan‘s statement in July this year, according to the Chinese government’s website

Mesut Özil‘s statement this month, according to “The Guardian”:

His Instagram message read: “East Turkistan, the bleeding wound of the Ummah, resisting against the persecutors trying to separate them from their religion. They burn their Qurans. They shut down their mosques. They ban their schools. They kill their holy men. The men are forced into camps and their families are forced to live with Chinese men. The women are forced to marry Chinese men.

“But Muslims are silent. They won’t make a noise. They have abandoned them. Don’t they know that giving consent for persecution is persecution itself?”

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Related

Beijing invites fact finding mission, July 9, 2019

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Stun grenades on Zeman’s Unsinkable Aircraft Carrier: Prague and Taipei establish sister-city relations

The following is Taiwanese coverage of city-sister relations between Prague and Taipei. Links within blockquotes added during translation.

Red star over Radio Prague: a pre-1989 QSL card,
confirming reception of a broadcast
on December 30, 1985

Radio Taiwan International (RTI), December 12, 2019

The Prague city hall assembly unanimously passed a proposal today (December 12) to conclude a sister city agreement with Taipei. Mayor Zdeněk Hřib is likely to sign the agreement with Taipei mayor Ko Wen-je next month.

布拉格市議會今天(12日)無異議通過與台北市締結為姐妹市的提案，市長賀瑞普(Zdeněk Hřib)預計將在下個月與台北市長柯文哲簽署。

Prague city council discussed the proposal today, and because of a consensus between all governing coalition parties, a vote was taken right after a short explanation by mayor Hřib, with 39 votes in favor of the proposal, zero opposing it, and two abstentions.

布拉格市議會今天討論與台北市締結為姐妹市的提案，由於在聯合政府執政的各黨有共識，市長賀瑞普簡短說明後即直接進行表決，結果以39票贊成、零票反對、2票棄權的壓倒性高票通過。

Hřib had said after a city government meeting last week that he would officially sign a sister city agreement with Taipei mayor Ko Wen-je in January next year, to strengthen Prague’s cooperation and relations with Taipei in economics and trade, culture, tourism, education and in other fields. Besides, Prague’s Zoological Garden was hopeful to get a pangolin as a gift from Taipei.

賀瑞普上週在市政會議後曾表示，將在明年1月與來訪的台北市長柯文哲正式簽署姐妹市協議，加強布拉格與台北在經貿、文化、觀光、教育等領域的合作關係，此外，布拉格動物園可望獲得台北贈送的穿山甲。

Central News Agency (CNA), December 13, 2019

Zdeněk Hřib only took office last year. In January this year he said that he wanted to remove the clause concerning the one-China policy, and Taiwan being an inseparable part of [China’s] territory, from the sister city agreement with Beijing. He also met with Tibetan exile government leader Lobsang Sangay on his own initiative, openly challenging [Czech] president Miloš Zeman’s pro-China policies with a stun grenade at Czech-Chinese relations.

賀瑞普（Zdeněk Hřib）去年底才上任，今年1月即宣布要廢除前任市長與北京締結的姐妹市協議當中有關一個中國政策和台灣是中國不可分割領土的條款，並在市府主動接見西藏流亡政府首長洛桑森格，公然挑戰總統齊曼（Miloš Zeman）的親中政策，為捷克和中國關係投下震撼彈。

According to Hřib, he had done an internship in Taiwan as a student and got a good impression of Taiwan, referring to himself as a “Taiwan fan”. He also visited Taiwan in March, had a meeting with President Tsai Ing-wen, and tested the water for concluding a sister-city status.

按照賀瑞普自己的說法，學生時代曾到台灣實習的他對台灣留下好印象，自稱是「台灣迷」。3月他還親訪台灣，晉見總統蔡英文，為締結姊妹市一事試水溫。

In fact, Hřib’s friendly conduct towards Taiwan also reflects, to a certain degree, dissatisfaction among Czech society with China.

事實上，賀瑞普的友台作為，也一定程度反映了捷克社會近年對中國的不滿。

In 2016, Chinese state chairman Xi Jinping visited Prague for the first time and pledged large-scale investment. [Czech president] Zeman replied that he hoped the Czech Republic, as an unsinkable aircraft carrier, could “help China expand its investment in Europe”, standing out in Europe’s world of politics by its friendship with China.

2016年，中國國家主席習近平首次訪問布拉格，承諾為捷克帶來大筆投資，齊曼還呼應說希望捷克成為「協助中國在歐洲擴張投資永不沉沒的航空母艦」，對中國的友好在歐洲政壇獨樹一幟。

But several years later, many of China’s investment pledges have not materialized, and Ye Jianming, a mysterious businessman and svengali between the two countries, has suddenly disappeared. Hřib’s plan to remove the one-China clause grabbed the opportunity provided by the misgivings among Czech society, concerning China.

然而，幾年過去了，中國的許多投資承諾都沒兌現，在兩國之間牽線的神秘商人葉簡明還突然消失。賀瑞普打算廢除一中條款，正好抓住捷克社會對中國質疑聲四起的時機。

Also, the Czech Republic which overthrew the communist dictatorship thirty years ago, originally attached importance to the values of democracy and human rights. But in recent years, the Czech Republic has suffered a lot from right-wing populist policies. President Miloš Zeman and prime minister Andrej Babiš have no intention of continuing the spiritual heritage left behind by the Velvet Revolution [of 1989], departing from Vaclav Havel‘s line of humanism and pro-Europeanness.

其次，30年前曾推翻共黨獨裁統治的捷克，原本就特別重視民主和人權的價值。不過，近年來，捷克深受右翼民粹政治所苦，總統齊曼和總理巴比斯（Andrej Babiš）都無意延續絲絨革命留下的精神遺產，背離前總統哈維爾（Vaclav Havel）的人道主義和親歐路線。

[…]

As expected, Hřib’s actions were answered with Chinese retaliation. In April this year, at an annual meeting at the Czech trade and industry ministry, Taiwan’s representative to the Czech Republic was, for the first time, forced to leave the venue under pressure from China’s ambassador.

一如預料，賀瑞普的舉動遭到中方報復。今年4月，捷克貿易工業部為外國使節舉辦年度會議，由於中國大使施壓，我國駐捷克代表首度被迫離席。

Following that, Beijing cancelled Czech Philharmonia’s and another three important Czech ensembles tours of China. And Zeman publicly threatened that China could discontinue direct flights between Chinese cities and Prague, and cut financial assistance for soccer club Slavia Praha.

隨後，中國又一連取消布拉格愛樂（Prague Philharmonia）等4個捷克重要表演團隊在中國的巡迴演出行程。齊曼還公開威脅，中國將中斷中國城市和布拉格的直航和切斷布拉格斯拉維亞足球俱樂部（Slavia Praha）的金援。

Interestingly, China’s retaliation proved counterproductive. After having been forced out of the meeting at the Czech trade and industry ministry, [Taiwan’s] representative Wang Chung-I was interviewed by a big newspaper, thus greatly improving Taiwan’s visibility. And cultural minister Lubomir Zaoralek has rarely met with China’s ambassador to the Czech Republic, criticizing China’s unilateral cancellation of Czech ensembles’ performances which had “seriously harmed China’s image”.

有趣的是，中國的報復反而造成反效果。駐捷克代表汪忠一被迫離席後，立刻接受大報專訪，大幅提升台灣能見度。文化部長左拉列克（Lubomir Zaoralek）罕見接見中國駐捷克大使，批評中國片面取消樂團演出「嚴重傷害中國形象」。

[…]

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Related

Interview with mayor Hřib, Radio Prague, Aug 16, 2019

Shortwave Logs: Science from the South

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1. Radio Havana in English: Science from the South

Charles McKelvey, according to the “American Herald Tribune”^*), is an emeritus professor at Presbyterian College in Clinton, South Carolina, USA, and member of the Advisory Council of the Honorary Section of Political Science from the South at the Faculty of Philosophy and History of the University of Havana, Havana, Cuba.

One might read his books, or one might happen on “Notes on the Revolution”, a Radio Havana Cuba (RHC) series with 40 columns to date, about “third World socialist revolutions in power”, which would, in his view, include China, Cuba, and Vietnam.

The program, to effects unknown to this blogger, is edited by RHC editor and presenter Ed Newman.

Picadura Valleys Cattle Breeding Project, Radio Habana Cuba QSL, 1988. The project’s prominent role in the QSL series is no concidence: the project is or was run by Ramón Castro Ruz, » the older brother of the two political leaders. Asked by an American journalist in the late 1970s » what he thought about Cuban-U.S. relations, Castro parried the questions “with a shrug and grin: ‘That’s all politics – I leave that to Fidel. All I know about are cows.'”

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^*) not to be confused with the “New York Herald Tribune”
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2. Radio Ukraine International: reviving 2017

Arne Lietz (SPD, German social democrats) may not have been aware, but he was on the radio on Saturday – on the German program of Radio Ukraine International (RUI, formerly Radio Kiev), that is. And as Russia had already annexed Crimea at the time, and because the Gerhard-Schröder / Martin-Schulz generation have adopted an unnerving pep-talk style^*) decades ago which  dominates social dem speeches to this day, I only realized that something was wrong with the broadcast when Lietz referred to Martin Schulz as the the German Social Democrats’ candidate for chancellor.  That, after all, was more than two years ago.

There was no news broadcast, and, therefore, no way to find out about the mix-up earlier. Besides, Lietz was a member of the European Parliament from 2014 to 2019, but lost his seat in the 2019 EP elections.

Similar mix-ups used to happen with Radio Ukraine International’s English service transmissions by WRMI, an American broadcaster in Florida, some three years ago. At the time, WRMI supposed that mistakes in the audio file names sent by RUI had occasionally led to old news going on air. Radio Ukraine International’s German program is currently aired by a shortwave enthusiasts’ association in Northrhine-Westphalia who are operating a shortwave station in Kall-Krekel.

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^*) It’s beginning to dawn on me that while there may be other reasons not to vote for the German social democrats, the way they talk may be one of those reasons. They make you feel as if you were ten years old again, and back in sunday school. (God forbid.)

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3. Fed Court: Da Silva and Rousseff no part of criminal org

reports Radio Havana. However, a series of legal proceedings concerning alleged bribery continues.

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